Only 1.7% of students taking the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET)-2023 have chosen the Odia language to be their medium of instruction this year, down from 2.1% last year. Lack of educational materials in Odia and the use of English as a medium of instruction are seen as factors. In addition, teachers are not qualified to teach science students in Odia, putting students at a disadvantage. Without Odia language textbooks, students have struggled to prepare adequately for the exams, needing to keep up with medical, biology and chemistry terminologies that they have previously studied in English.